You are entitled to a free credit report
if adverse action is taken against you based on information in your consumer
credit report according to the Fair Credit Reporting Act.
Requirements on users of consumer reports: Section
1681m
- Duties of users taking adverse
actions under fcra
- Adverse fcra action based on
third party information
- Reasonable procedures to assure
compliance with fcra
- Duties of users making credit
or insurance solicitations
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(a) Duties of users taking adverse actions on basis of information
contained in consumer reports
If any person takes any adverse action with respect to any
consumer that is based in whole or in part on any information contained in a
consumer report, the person shall -
(1) provide oral, written, or electronic notice of the
adverse action to the consumer;
(2) provide to the consumer orally, in writing, or
electronically -
(A) the name, address, and telephone number of the consumer
reporting agency (including a toll-free telephone number established by the
agency if the agency compiles and maintains files on consumers on a nationwide
basis) that furnished the report to the person; and
(B) a statement that the consumer reporting agency did not
make the decision to take the adverse action and is unable to provide the
consumer the specific reasons why the adverse action was taken; and
(3) provide to the consumer an oral, written, or electronic
notice of the consumer's right -
(A) to obtain, under section
1681j of this title, a free copy
of a consumer report on the consumer from the consumer reporting agency
referred to in paragraph (2), which notice shall include an indication of the
60-day period under that section for obtaining such a copy; and
(B) to dispute, under section
1681i of this title, with a
consumer reporting agency the accuracy or completeness of any information in a
consumer report furnished by the agency.
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(b) Adverse action based on information obtained from third parties
other than consumer reporting agencies
(1) In general
Whenever credit for personal, family, or household purposes
involving a consumer is denied or the charge for such credit is increased
either wholly or partly because of information obtained from a person other
than a consumer reporting agency bearing upon the consumer's credit worthiness,
credit standing, credit capacity, character, general reputation, personal
characteristics, or mode of living, the user of such information shall, within
a reasonable period of time, upon the consumer's written request for the
reasons for such adverse action received within sixty days after learning of
such adverse action, disclose the nature of the information to the consumer.
The user of such information shall clearly and accurately disclose to the
consumer his right to make such written request at the time such adverse action
is communicated to the consumer. ''creditworthiness,''.
(2) Duties of person taking certain actions based on
information provided by affiliate
(A) Duties, generally, If a person takes an action described
in subparagraph (B) with respect to a consumer, based in whole or in part on
information described in subparagraph (C), the person shall -
(i) notify the consumer of the action, including a
statement that the consumer may obtain the information in accordance with
clause (ii); and
(ii) upon a written request from the consumer received
within 60 days after tranvsmittal of the notice required by clause (i),
disclose to the consumer the nature of the information upon which the action is
based by not later than 30 days after receipt of the request.
(B) Action described
An action referred to in subparagraph (A) is an adverse
action described in section 1681a(k)(1)(A) of this title, taken
in connection with a transaction initiated by the consumer, or any adverse
action described in clause (i) or (ii) of section
1681a(k)(1)(B) of this title.
(C) Information described: Information referred to in
subparagraph (A) -
(i) except as provided in clause (ii), is information that
-
(I) is furnished to the person taking the action by a
person related by common ownership or affiliated by common corporate control to
the person taking the action; and
(II) bears on the credit worthiness, credit standing,
credit capacity, character, general reputation, personal characteristics, or
mode of living of the consumer; and
(ii) does not include -
(I) information solely as to transactions or experiences
between the consumer and the person furnishing the information; or
(II) information in a consumer report.
Up (c) Reasonable procedures to assure compliance
No person shall be held liable for any violation of this
section if he shows by a preponderance of the evidence that at the time of the
alleged violation he maintained reasonable procedures to assure compliance with
the provisions of this section.
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(d) Duties of users making written credit or insurance solicitations on
basis of information contained in consumer files
(1) In general
Any person who uses a consumer report on any consumer in
connection with any credit or insurance transaction that is not initiated by
the consumer, that is provided to that person under section
1681b(c)(1)(B) of this title,
shall provide with each written solicitation made to the consumer regarding the
transaction a clear and conspicuous statement that -
(A) information contained in the consumer's consumer report
was used in connection with the transaction;
(B) the consumer received the offer of credit or insurance
because the consumer satisfied the criteria for credit worthiness or
insurability under which the consumer was selected for the offer;
''creditworthiness''.
(C) if applicable, the credit or insurance may not be
extended if, after the consumer responds to the offer, the consumer does not
meet the criteria used to select the consumer for the offer or any applicable
criteria bearing on credit worthiness or insurability or does not furnish any
required collateral;
(D) the consumer has a right to prohibit information
contained in the consumer's file with any consumer reporting agency from being
used in connection with any credit or insurance transaction that is not
initiated by the consumer; and
(E) the consumer may exercise the right referred to in
subparagraph (D) by notifying a notification system established under section
1681b(e) of this title.
(2) Disclosure of address and telephone number
A statement under paragraph (1) shall include the address and
toll-free telephone number of the appropriate notification system established
under section 1681b(e) of this
title.
(3) Maintaining criteria on file
A person who makes an offer of credit or insurance to a
consumer under a credit or insurance transaction described in paragraph (1)
shall maintain on file the criteria used to select the consumer to receive the
offer, all criteria bearing on credit worthiness or insurability, as
applicable, that are the basis for determining whether or not to extend credit
or insurance pursuant to the offer, and any requirement for the furnishing of
collateral as a condition of the extension of credit or insurance, until the
expiration of the 3-year period beginning on the date on which the offer is
made to the consumer.
(4) Authority of Federal agencies regarding unfair or deceptive
acts or practices not affected
This section is not intended to affect the authority of any
Federal or State agency to enforce a prohibition against unfair or deceptive
acts or practices, including the making of false or misleading statements in
connection with a credit or insurance transaction that is not initiated by the
consumer
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